Warm the pot: Heat 2 tablespoons of olive oil in a large pot over medium heat.
Sauté the aromatics: Add onion, carrots, and celery with a pinch of salt.
Cook, stirring, until softened and lightly golden, about 6–8 minutes.
Add garlic and tomato paste: Stir in garlic and cook 30 seconds until fragrant. Add tomato paste and cook 1–2 minutes to deepen the flavor.
Season the base: Sprinkle in cumin, smoked paprika, and thyme. Stir for 30 seconds to toast the spices.
Add lentils and liquids: Pour in the crushed tomatoes and broth.
Add the bay leaf and the rinsed lentils. Stir to combine.
Simmer: Bring to a boil, then reduce to a gentle simmer. Cover partially and cook 25–35 minutes, stirring occasionally, until lentils are tender but not mushy.
Adjust texture: For a creamier body, mash a cup of soup with a spoon against the pot or blend 1–2 cups and stir back in.
Keep it chunky if you prefer.
Finish with brightness: Remove the bay leaf. Stir in the juice of half a lemon and a little zest. Add chopped parsley or cilantro.
Taste and season: Add salt and pepper to taste.
If it needs more lift, add a splash of vinegar or more lemon.
Optional greens: If using spinach or kale, stir in at the end and cook 2–3 minutes until wilted and tender.
Serve: Drizzle with a little olive oil and add extra herbs, if you like. Pair with crusty bread or a simple salad.